Order : Procellariiformes 鹱形目
Family : Procellariidae 鹱科
Genus : Puffinus 剪水鹱属
Genus : Puffinus 剪水鹱属
Binomial name : Puffinus bailloni
Tropical Shearwater
热带鹱(hù)
热带鹱(hù)
Habitat: 热带鹱是远洋性海鸟，所以在正常情况下，直到黄昏才能从岸边看到它们。
Behaviour: 它们的飞行非常敏捷，在水面上盘旋和躲避波浪，翅膀快速拍打和短时间滑翔。
Status: Vagrant
Remark: my Malaysia 1st record
lifer: Sep2026 . Strait of Malacca Pelagic @ Kedah
comment by Chris:
Lovely sequence of photos. They are a great help. Taxonomy of these dark shearwaters is quite complex, with ebird and the Harrison, Perrow and Larson seabirds book using different arrangements. Interestingly, the seabird book splits what ebird refers to as Tropical: the taxon that occurs in the Pacific off east coast of Asia is split and referred to as Tropical and the ones off east Africa and Indian ocean are considered two separate species (Baillons and Sechelles shearwater). Confusingly, ebird uses bailloni for Tropical whereas in Seabirds baillonni is ''Baillons'' (from Madagascar) and the Asian/pactif bird is called dichrous. So its complex. Saddlebags are not present at all on your bird which does not match east Asian tropical taxon. So it seems a better fit for the Indian ocean taxa. Of these, Baillon's has a white crescent at rear of ear coverts and bare blue skin around the eye and shorter tail. So this does not fit. This leaved nicolae, which i think Dave suggested. This taxa is meant to have small saddlebags which are curved/crescent shaped. But your bird does not have bags at all! That said, there is a line in seabirds which suggests some may not have bags. There seems some variability in undetail coverts markings in nicolae - most darkish and mottled but can be white. Breast sides on nicolae are meant to be paler and rather mottled, which does not quite match your bird. This needs checking. May also need to look at online to see how many nicolae (birds from indian ocean) lack saddlebags.
Tropical Shearwater
lifer 20260925 10:32~10:33am . Strait of Malacca Pelagic @ Kedah
Tropical Shearwater
20260925 10:38am . Strait of Malacca Pelagic @ Kedah
Tropical Shearwater
20260925 10:40am . Strait of Malacca Pelagic @ Kedah
Tropical Shearwater
20260925 10:43am . Strait of Malacca Pelagic @ Kedah
Lovely sequence of photos. They are a great help. Taxonomy of these dark shearwaters is quite complex, with ebird and the Harrison, Perrow and Larson seabirds book using different arrangements. Interestingly, the seabird book splits what ebird refers to as Tropical: the taxon that occurs in the Pacific off east coast of Asia is split and referred to as Tropical and the ones off east Africa and Indian ocean are considered two separate species (Baillons and Sechelles shearwater). Confusingly, ebird uses bailloni for Tropical whereas in Seabirds baillonni is ''Baillons'' (from Madagascar) and the Asian/pactif bird is called dichrous. So its complex. Saddlebags are not present at all on your bird which does not match east Asian tropical taxon. So it seems a better fit for the Indian ocean taxa. Of these, Baillon's has a white crescent at rear of ear coverts and bare blue skin around the eye and shorter tail. So this does not fit. This leaved nicolae, which i think Dave suggested. This taxa is meant to have small saddlebags which are curved/crescent shaped. But your bird does not have bags at all! That said, there is a line in seabirds which suggests some may not have bags. There seems some variability in undetail coverts markings in nicolae - most darkish and mottled but can be white. Breast sides on nicolae are meant to be paler and rather mottled, which does not quite match your bird. This needs checking. May also need to look at online to see how many nicolae (birds from indian ocean) lack saddlebags.
这是一段非常棒的系列照片，对鉴别很有帮助。
这些深色剪水鹱（shearwaters）的分类学相当复杂，eBird 数据库与 Harrison、Perrow 及 Larson 合著的《Seabirds》（海鸟）一书所采用的分类体系就有所不同。有趣的是，这本海鸟书将 eBird 统称为“热带剪水鹱”（Tropical Shearwater）的类群进行了拆分：在亚洲东海岸外太平洋海域出现的分类单元被独立出来称为“热带剪水鹱”，而非洲东海岸和印度洋的类群则被视为两个独立的物种（分别是巴氏剪水鹱 Baillon's Shearwater 和塞舌尔剪水鹱 Seychelles Shearwater）。
让人容易混淆的是，eBird 用 bailloni 来指代“热带剪水鹱”，但在《Seabirds》一书中，bailloni 指的是“巴氏剪水鹱”（分布于马达加斯加），而亚洲/太平洋的鸟种则被称为 dichrous。所以这确实很复杂。
你拍到的这只鸟完全没有“马鞍斑”（saddlebags），这与东亚的热带分类单元不符，因此它似乎更符合印度洋的分类单元。在这些印度洋分类单元中，“巴氏剪水鹱”的耳羽后方有一个白色新月形斑块，眼睛周围有裸露的蓝色皮肤，且尾羽较短——这些特征与你的鸟对不上。这就剩下了 nicolae 分类单元（也就是 Dave 提议的那个）。这个分类单元理应带有微小且呈弯月/新月形的马鞍斑，但你的鸟却完全没有！话虽如此，《Seabirds》书中有一行字提到，某些个体确实可能没有马鞍斑。
此外，nicolae 的下尾筒羽色似乎存在一定的变异性——大多数偏深且有斑驳，但也可能是白色的。nicolae 的胸侧理应颜色更浅且相当斑驳，这与你的鸟也不太吻合。这点还需要进一步核对。可能还需要去网上查一下，看看有多少来自印度洋的 nicolae 个体是缺乏马鞍斑
